Samacheer Guide 7th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 LandForms

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Guide 7th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 LandForms

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science LandForms Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.

is a deposition of river sediments along the foot-hills.

(a) Plunge pool

(b) Alluvial fan

(c) Floodplain

(d) Delta

Answer:

(b) Alluvial fan

Question 2.

Courtallam falls is located across the river.

(a) Cauvery

(b) Pennar

(c) Chittar

(d) Vaigai

Answer:

(c) Chittar

Question 3.

The landform created by glacial deposition is

(a) Cirque

(b) Arete

(c) Moraine

(d) Tam lake

Answer:

(c) Moraine

Question 4.

Large deposits of loess are found in

(a) USA

(b) India

(c) China

(d) Brazil

Answer:

(c) China

Question 5.

are not associated with wave erosion

(a) Cliff

(b) Sea arch

(c) Stack

(d) Beaches

Answer:

(d) Beaches

II. Fill in the Blanks

1. The process of breaking and crumbling of rocks is ______
2. The place where the river joins a lake or a sea is known as ______
3. Inselbergs are found in the ______ desert in South Africa.
4. A cirque is known as ______ in Germany.
5. The first longest beach in the world is ______

Answer:

1. weathering
2. river mouth
3. Kalahari
4. Kar
5. Miami

III. Match the following

1. Braking and crumbling of rocks i Glacier
2. Abandoned meander loops ii Barchans
3. Large body of moving ice iii Lagoon
4. Crescent shaped sand dunes iv Weathering
5. Vembanad lake v Oxbow lake

Answer:

iv

v

i

ii

iii

IV. Consider the following statement and (✓) Tick the appropriate answer.

Question 1.

Assertion (A) : The deltas are formed near the mouth of the river.

Reason (R) : The velocity of the river becomes slow when it approaches the sea.

(a) Both A and R are correct

(b) A is correct and R is wrong

(c) A is wrong and R is correct

(d) Both A and R are wrong

Answer:

(a) Both A and R are correct

Question 2.

Assertion (A) : Sea arches in turn become Sea Stacks.

Reason (R) : Sea Stacks are the results of wave deposition.

(a) Both A and R are correct

(b) A is correct and R is wrong

(c) A is wrong and R is correct

(d) Both A and R are wrong

Answer:

(b) A is correct and R is wrong

V. Answer the following.

Question 1.

Define erosion.

Answer:

• Erosion is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind, ice and sea waves.

Question 2.

What is a plunge pool?

Answer:

• Plunge pool is a hollow feature at the base of a waterfall which is formed by cavitation.

Question 3.

How are Ox – bow lakes formed?

Answer:

• Due to continuous erosion and deposition along the sides of the meander, the ends of the meander loop comes closer and closer. In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a cutoff lake, also called an Ox-bow lake.

Question 4.

Name the major landforms formed by glacial erosion.

Answer:

• Cirque, Aretes, U’ Shaped Valley

Question 5.

Give a note on Mushroom rocks.

Answer:

• In deserts rocks in the shape of a mushroom, commonly called mushroom rocks.

Question 6.

What is a lagoon? Give an example.

Answer:

• Lagoon is a shallow stretch of water partially or completely separated from the sea. E.g. Chilka lake in Odisha, Pulicat lake in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and Vembanad lake in Kerala are the famous lagoons in India.

VI. Distinguish between

Question 1.

Tributary and Distributary

S.No	Tributary	Distributary
1	A stream or river that flows into and joins a main river.	A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream.
2	Eg. Amaravathi is a tributary of river Cauvery	Eg. Kollidam s a distributary of Cauvery.

Question 2.

‘V’ shaped valley and ‘U’ shaped valley

S.No	‘V’ shaped valley	‘IP shaped valley
1	Formed by erosion of rivers	Formed by lateral and vertical erosion of glaciers.
2	Eg. Kambam valley in Tamil Nadu	Eg. Leh Valley in Ladakh

Question 3.

Continental glacier and Mountain glacier

S.No	Continental glacier	Mountain glacier
1	Glacier covering vast areas of a continent with thick ice sheets is called continental glacier	Stream of ice flowing along a valley is called mountain glacier.
2	Eg. Antartica, Green land	Eg. The Himalayas, The Alps

VII. Give reason

Question 1.

The ends of the meander loops come closer and closer.

Answer:

• Due to continuous erosion and deposition of rivers along the sides of the meander, the ends of the meander loop comes closer and closer.

Question 2.

Flood plains are very fertile.

Answer:

• At times the river overflows its banks. This leads to the flooding of the neighbouring areas. As the river floods, it deposits layers of fine soil and other material called sediments along its banks. This leads to the formation of a flat fertile floodplain.

Question 3.

Sea caves are turn into stacks.

Answer:

• As the cavities of sea caves become bigger, only the roof of the caves remain to form sea Arches. When erosion further breaks the roof, only walls are left, thus forming stacks.

VIII. Answer in a paragraph

Question 1.

Explain different landforms produced by river erosion.

Answer:

• The running water in the river erodes the landscape, which creates a steep-sided valley like the letter ‘V’ known as ‘V’ shaped valley.

• Falling of river water over a vertical step in the river bed is called waterfall. It is formed when the soft rocks are removed by erosion. E.g. Coutrallam falls across the river Chittar in Tamil Nadu.

• Plunge pool is a hollow feature at the base of a waterfall which is formed by cavitation. Alluvial fan is a deposition of sediment occurs at which the river enters a plain or the foot-hills.

• As the river enters the plain it twists and turns forming large bends known as Meanders.

• Eg. Meanders along the River Vellar near Sethiyathope in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu.

• Due to continuous erosion and deposition along the sides of the meander, the ends of the meander loop comes closer and closer. In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a cutoff lake, also called an Ox-bow lake.

Question 2.

Describe the landforms associated with wind.

Answer:

• Winds erode the lower section of the rock more than the upper part.

• An isolated residual hill, standing like a pillar with rounded tops are called Inselbergs.

• E.g. Inselberg in the Kalahari Desert of South Africa.

• When the wind blows, it lifts and transports sand from one place to another. When it stops blowing the sand falls and gets deposited in low hill – like structures. These are called sand dunes. The crescent shaped sand dunes are called Barchans.

• When the grains of sand are very fine and light, the wind can carry it over very long distances. When such sand is deposited in large areas, it is called Loess. Large deposits of loess are found in China.

Question 3.

How are aretes formed?

Answer:

• Glaciers erode the landscape by levelling soil and stones to expose the solid rock below.
• Cirque is a glacially eroded rock basin, with a steep side wall and steep head wall, surrounding an armchair-shaped depression.
• As the ice melts, they get filled up the cirque with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains called as Tam Lake. When two adjacent cirques erode towards each other, the previously rounded landscape is transformed into a narrow rocky, steep – sided ridge called Aretes.

Activity

Question 1.

Fill in the corresponding columns with reference to the landform features given below

Answer:

Barchan, ‘V’ Shaped valley, Cliff, Arete, Inselberg, Moraine, Alluvial fan, Lagoon

S.No Natural Agents Landforms

                    Erosion Deposition

1.            River ‘V’ Shaped valley Alluvial fan

2. Glacier Arete Moraine

3. Wind Inselberg           Barchan

4. Sea          wave Cliff         Lagoon

Question 2.

Crossword Puzzle

Across

1. Place of origin of the river.

3. Arm chair shaped glacial landform

6. Glacial Depositional feature

7. Vertical drop of water

Down

2. Lagoon in Tamil Nadu

4. Loops along the river course

5. Wave depositional feature

Answer:

Question 3.

Identify any one of the following features near your home town and write a note on them.

Hill

Waterfall

River(or)Stream

Beach

Answer:

• Activity to be done by the students themselves

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science LandForms Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.

The term ‘meander’ has been named on the basis of Meander River of ______

(a) India

(b) Russia

(c) China

(d) Turkey

Answer:

(d) Turkey

Question 2.

The material carried by the glacier such as rock, sand and silt get deposited to form ______

(a) Cirque

(b) Glacial moraines

(c) Aretes

(d) Tam Lake

Answer:

(b) Glacial moraines

Question 3.

Northern China loess deposits are brought from the ______ desert.

(a) Gobi

(b) Sahara

(c) Thar

(d) Atacama

Answer:

(a) Gobi

Question 4.

Steep rock faces formed due to dashing of sea waves are ______

(a) Sea caves

(b) Sea Cliffs

(c) Sea Arches

(d) Stacks

Answer:

(b) Sea Cliffs

Question 5.

Chilka lake is Odisha is an example of ______

(a) Stack

(b) Sea Arch

(c) Lagoon

(d) Sand bar

Answer:

(c) Lagoon

II. Circle the odd one

Question 1.

Angel, Niagra, Victoria, Ganges

• Hint: Ganges are river, other three are water falls.

Answer:

Ganges

Question 2.

Colva, Miami, Chilka, Marina.

• “Hint: Chilka is a lake, other three are Beaches.

Answer:

Chilka

Question 3.

Water, Sun, ice, Sea waves.

• Hint: Sun is a natural resource, other three are agents of erosion.

Answer:

Sun

IV. Consider the following statements.

Question 1.

1. The highest water fall is Angel falls of Venezuela in South America.
2. The first longest beach in the world is the Marina beach in Chennai.
3. Deltas are excellent productive lands.

Choose the correct answer using the codes given below.

(a) 1 and 3

(b) 2 and 3

(c) 1 and 2

(d) only 3.

Answer:

(a) 1 and 3

Question 2.

1. A part of the land adjoining or near the sea is called the sea coast.
2. The boundary of a coast where land meets water is called the coast line.
3. Moraines are glacial deposition.

Choose the correct answer using the codes given below.

(a) 2 and 3

(b) 1 and 3

(c) 1,2 and 3

(d) 1 and 2.

Answer:

(c) 1, 2 and 3

V. Answer in a word

Question 1.

Name the waterfall located on the borders of Zambia and Zimbabwe in Africa

Answer:

Victoria falls

Question 2.

How is the deposition of sediment that occurs when the river enters a plain or the foothills called?

Answer:

Alluvial fan

Question 3.

What are hollow like caves formed on rock due to dashing of sea waves called?

Answer:

Sea caves.

VI. Answer in a sentence or two.

Question 1.

What is endogenic process?

Answer:

• The endogenic process (internal process) leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places.

Question 2.

What is exogenic process?

Answer:

• The exogenic process (external process) is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface.

Question 3.

What is gradation?

Answer:

• Gradation is the process of levelling of highlands through erosion and filling up of lowlands through deposition.

Question 4.

Name the processes by which the landscape gets continuously worn away?

Answer:

• The landscape is being continuously worn away by two processes – weathering and erosion.

Question 5.

Define weathering.

Answer:

• Weathering is the breaking and falling apart into small pieces of the rocks on the earth’s surface.

Question 6.

What is a river?

Answer:

• The water flowing from its source to river mouth, along a definite course is called a River.

Question 7.

How is a delta formed? Give example of deltas.

Answer:

• The collection of sediments from all the mouths form Delta. Deltas are excellent productive lands. They have more minerals which favour cultivation. E.g. Cauvery delta, Ganges delta, Mississippi delta.

Question 8.

What is a glacier?

Answer:

• A large body of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley due to gravity is called a glacier.

VII. Answer in a Paragaraph.

Question 1.

Write a note on

1. Sea Coast
2. Coast line

Answer:

Sea Coast: 

• A part of the land adjoining or near the sea is called the Sea coast.

Coast line: 

• The boundary of a coast, where land meets water is called the Coast line. The coastal areas are subject to change due to wave erosion and wave deposition

Question 2.

Write a note on

1. Sea Arches
2. Stacks

Answer:

Sea Arches:

• As the cavities of sea caves become bigger and bigger only the roof of the caves remains, thus forming Sea Arches.

Stacks:

• Further, erosion breaks the roof and only walls are left. These wall like features are called Stacks.